Physical Examination of the Newborn

The purpose of the physical examination of the newborn immediately after birth is to find abnormalities that require immediate relief and thus the basis for further examination. Before examining the neonate should know the history of the examination of pregnancy and childbirth.

General circumstances

1) The activity of newborn
If the baby still, maybe the baby is sleeping nyeyak or may exist defresi central nervous system because of drugs or because something's disease. When the baby moves actively maintained whether the movement was symmetrical or not. Asymmetric situation can be seen for example in the state of bone fractures, nerve damage, etc. leukosia.

2) The state of nutrition
Can be assessed from body weight, body length, and wrinkling of the skin, skin tension caution against edema, because it can be mistaken for good nutrition.

3) Fine newborn
Certain congenital abnormalities often can already be seen in such neonates. Eg Down syndrome, cretinism, etc. bilateral renal agenesis.

4) Position
Often depends on the location of the percentage of fetal intravenous. The usual position is in flexion leg and arm.

5) Leather
Normal skin color is reddish, covered by vernix caseosa which protects the baby's skin and is composed of a mixture of water and minerals and contain more sebum. Peridermal cells and other debis. Skin color illustrates some circumstances eg pale colors are anemia, shock, there is a yellow color on the incompatibility between the mother and baby's blood, sepsis. The blue color is found on aspiksia livida. Congenital heart defects with shunts from the right and left .

Head And Neck.

Bone head often shows "moulage" that usually coincide with the parietal bone occipital and frontal bones, so the measure should wait after a head circle "moulage" was missing, the head of a large circle is through the glabella, and occipital usually between 33-38 cm. Note also caput succedaneum, bleeding, subaponeurotic, cepal hematoma.

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