1. Communication is a symbolic process
With the human mind has the ability to use the emblem. Emblem or symbol is used to designate something other something. The emblem includes the words (verbal messages), non-verbal behavior, and objects whose meaning agreed.
2. Every behavior has a potential communication
People who are still alive may not be separated from the communication even though it does not mean all behavior is communication. Each of our behavior, will always have the potential to be used as a means of communication to others, even to silence will potentially be a `communication. Example: a group of youths were silent action and hunger strikes, and even then also the way they communicate. So silence is not guarantee for not communicating.
3. Communication has the dimensions of content and relationship dimensions
The dimensions of the content, while the communications payload dimension shows the relationship shows how to say it and hinted, how the participants of communication and how should it be interpreted message. Dimension verbally encoded content while dimensions are encoded in non-verbal relationship.
For example, the phrase "Eat .." softly meaningful command to eat while when using the high-meaningful prohibitions intonation eat. When a person knows that his friend was eating she began to keep greeted with the phrase "eat ...?" Meaningful greet it in order not to be regarded as people who are rude or indifferent.
4 . Communication takes place in various levels of intent .
Every action performed by a person communication can occur ranging from a low level of intentional communication means unplanned actions (what to say or what will be done in detail and detail), until the act of communication that really intentional (the communicant expect a response and hope that the goal is reached). Of human communication that is not done intentionally to deliberate and conscious and planned communication. Awareness is higher when communicating in a specific situations. For example, when we chatted with a newly recognized course will be different than the way we communicate when we are having a conversation with a friend who is accustomed to hanging out everyday . But we will also be able to communicate with your higher consciousness with friends our daily news delivered if the friend is very attractive to us.
The existence of behaviors in communicating assumptions will lead to other people who may not necessarily be true or absolutely true. For example, when a student presented a paper with frequent scratching his head then we will assume that these students are less prepared, even if the student is not the case.
5. Communication occurs in the context of space and time
Message communications sent by the communicant both verbal and non-verbal adapted to the place, where the communication process takes place, to whom the message was sent and when the communication took place.
Someone who will communicate certain meanings cause, while the meanings associated with physical context / space, time, social, and psychological. As an example that relates to space communication is going to be considered "impolite" when attending the protocol by wearing T-shirts. The time may affect the meaning of the communication can be described as following a subscribing newspaper and the newspaper always came at 05:30 then suddenly came at 09:00 of course, the customer will have certain perceptions.
6. Communication involves the prediction of communication participants
Can not imagine if the communication act outside the norms prevailing in society. If we smile then we can predict that the receiver will reply with a smile, when we greet someone then that person will reply to our greetings. Predictions like it would make a person happier in the communication process.
7. Communication was a systemic
Within each person contains an internal side which is influenced by cultural background, values, customs, experience and education. How does one communicate is influenced by some of the internal stuff. Internally such as family environment and social environment in which it affects how he did act of communication.
8. The more similar socio-cultural background, the more effective communication
If two people do the communication comes from the same tribe, the same education, there is a tendency that the two parties have the same material to communicate with each other. Both sides have the same meaning of the symbols are interchangeable.
9. Communication is non-sequential
The communication process is circular in the sense that lasted one direction. Involving the response or responses as evidence that the message sent was received and understood.
10. Communication is processual, dynamic and transactional
Consequence of the principle that communication is a process that is dynamic and transactional communications. There is a process of giving and receiving information between the parties to communicate.
11. Communication is irreversible
Any person who can not control the communication process such that the effects of the message that was sent. Communication can not be withdrawn, if someone had said to hurt someone else, then the effect will not hurt go away on the others.
12. Communication is not panacea to solve various problems
In the sense that communication is not the only panacea that can be used to solve the problem.
Source : Samsono, Agus. (2010).