Nursing Diagnosis Delayed Growth and Development for Ventricular Septal Defect

Nursing Care Plan for Ventricular Septal Defect - Nursing Diagnosis Delayed Growth and Development 

Ventricular septal defect

A ventricular septal defect (VSD) is a birth defect of the heart in which there is a hole in the wall (septum) that separates the two lower chambers (ventricles) of the heart. This wall also is called the ventricular septum.

No one knows what causes ventricular septal defects, but they probably come from a malformation of the heart that occurs while the infant is developing in the womb.

• There may be just one hole or several holes in the septum.
• The septum itself is divided into multiple areas, including the membranous part, the muscular part, and other areas called the inlet and outlet. Any or all of these parts can have a hole.
• The location of the hole depends on where the malformation takes place during fetal development.

The most common type of ventricular septal defect is the membranous variant. In this type, the hole is located below the aortic valve, which controls flow of blood from the left ventricle into the main artery of the body, the aorta.

A ventricular septal defect usually is diagnosed after a baby is born.

The size of the ventricular septal defect will influence what symptoms, if any, are present, and whether a doctor hears a heart murmur during a physical examination. Signs of a ventricular septal defect might be present at birth or might not appear until well after birth. If the hole is small, it usually will close on its own and the baby might not show any signs of the defect. However, if the hole is large, the baby might have symptoms, including:

• Shortness of breath,
• Fast or heavy breathing,
• Sweating,
• Tiredness while feeding, or
• Poor weight gain.

During a physical examination the doctor might hear a distinct whooshing sound, called a heart murmur. If the doctor hears a heart murmur or other signs are present, the doctor can request one or more tests to confirm the diagnosis. The most common test is an echocardiogram, which is an ultrasound of the heart that can show problems with the structure of the heart, show how large the hole is, and show how much blood is flowing through the hole.


Nursing Diagnosis for Ventricular Septal Defect : Delayed Growth and Development 
related to an inadequate supply of oxygen and nutrients to the tissues.

Outcome:

• Growth and development are not compromised

the expected outcomes:

• Weight and height of the ideal

Nursing Interventions:

• Monitor height and weight scales every day with the same tools and the same time and documented in the form of graphs.
• Allow the child to rest and avoid frequent disturbances during sleep.

Rational:

• Knowing the weight change.
• Sleep can accelerate the growth and development of children.

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